The purposes of this research were to: 1) develop educational management indicators in the digital age for secondary schools, 2) test the consistency of these indicators based on a certain conceptual framework, related researches and empirical data, and 3) test the measurement of invariance across groups. This research was quantitative research, consisting of 3 steps: Step 1; to develop educational management indicators. The sample consisted of 356 administrators and teachers from 72 secondary schools, selected by multi-stage random sampling. The research instrument was a 5-level rating scale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.97. The data were analyzed by: Exploratory Factor Analysis: first order and second order. Step 2; to test the educational management indicators model. The sample consisted of 1,116 administrators and teachers from 223 secondary schools, selected by multi-stage random sampling. The research instrument was a 5-level rating scale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.97. The data were analyzed by: Confirmatory Factor Analysis: first order and second order. Step 3; to test the measurement of invariance across groups, group 1; small and medium school groups and group 2; large and extra-large school groups. The data were analyzed by; Multi-group Analysis.
การพัฒนาตัวบ่งชี้, การจัดการศึกษา, ยุคดิจิทัล
Development of indicators, Educational management, Digital age
